Maturitní otázka číslo
5.
Sports and Games
Sports and games are activities that are well
known for everybody of us. People started to do sports and play games many
years ago, but the biggest boom was in this century. With coming of new
technologies people got new possibilities and new ideas how to spend their
spare time for pleasure, but only for it. People do the sports because they
want to keep fit, build their muscles and make their body better for look. It
is also very good (the best) kind of relaxation. It helps to keep our mental
health in order. The majority of people do the sports as a hobby but some
people do the sport as a job.
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Season sports: summer, winter, seasonal...
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Outdoors: baseball, golf, gliding, skiing...
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Indoors: table-tennis, gymnastic, chess
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Social: all teams games (football, volleyball)
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Single: chess, golf, athletics...
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Water, ball games...
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Many
sports have their origins in Britain that is why Britain is sometimes called
the cradle of sports
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Cricket – real English game, it has never spread in
foreign countries, it is intensively played only in the UK, Australia and some
other Commonwealth countries; it is played on a cricket field of approximately
size of two pitches, two teams of 11 members, they use cricket-bat and a small
leather-ball.
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Golf – has its origins in Scotland
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Football – the most popular game in Britain;
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Tennis, Squash
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They don’t play volleyball at all
The USA
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Baseball, Rugby, Basketball, Motor racing,
Ice-hockey (Canada)...
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Football, Ice-hockey, Tennis, Volleyball...
When you want to do some sport you firstly need to know the rules. If
don’t know it you may be sent off the play or you don’t achieve the best
results (score) you could. You nearly always need some equipment for doing it.
For instance when you play golf you has to have lot of equipment – different
kinds of sticks, balls, special trolley. For some sports you don’t need nearly
anything, just your body (volleyball – only good shoes and kneecap).
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is a
team sport that you can play both outside and inside
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it is
played on a volleyball court of size 9 by 18 metres, there is a net across the
court, which is in a height of 2,43m
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you
play with a white ball (now it also can be coloured)
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the
team consists of six players (2 of them are smash-men, 2 of them make a
blockade, 2 of them pass the ball to smash-men who should score)
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it is
important to make the ball touch the rival’s side of the court – it make a
point for you; it is played till one team reaches 25 points – it means that
they win a set, when you win two sets you also win the match
The Olympic Games
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are
the most famous sport event in the world
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people
represent their own country, more than 30 sport events
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they
are held every four years, they have their summer and winter parts which change
once every two years
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the
first Olympic Games took place in Olympia, Greece in the year 776 B.C., there
exist many legends – the story of the marathon (in 490 a Greek runner ran about
42 km. from Marathon to Athens; he was bringing news of the Battle of Athens;
but he ran too tar, too fast; he died from exhaustion)
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symbol
of the Games is The Olympic Flag –
there are five connected circles, each symbolised one continent (blue – Europe,
black – Africa, red – America, yellow – Asia, green – Australia); and The Olympic Fire – it is traditionally
lighted in Greek Olympia and moved to the city in which the Games are taking
place, it burns during the OG
Wimbledon – the most famous tennis tournament
in the world, Czech republic belong to the first class, it takes place in GB
World Championships in F1, hockey, football,
World Cups...
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at
school we have our physical training lessons two times a week
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we
exercise in the sport hall (gymnastic) and in the summer out (athletics)
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we
practise gym and sometimes we play volleyball or other games – we have a few
competitions between classes
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you
can improve yourself, because at school you don’t have time for it and not
everybody like the sport that you like
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there
is a lot of fun there, you might achieve some success there
I think
that nearly everybody is very happy, people celebrate, they realise that they
are Czech – they are proud of this country, it can join people who don’t like
each other together. The country became known all over the world. (the Winter
Olympic Games in Nagano, Jan Želazný – throwing the javelin, Jana
Novotná, Petr Korda, Ivan Lendl)...
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sport
could be very funny and what is very important, nearly everybody can do some
sport activity
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sport
keeps us healthy not only physical, but psychical, too
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we can
do sport with our friends, or meet a lot of new interesting people
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sport
teaches us, how to improve our condition and some kinds of sports could us teach
how to be more responsible and fair
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but
you must be careful and don’t overestimate your power
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it is
very hard work, you have to be very good at it if you want to be famous
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you
can earn a lot of money and meet famous people
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but it
could be very dangerous for your body. Some kinds of sports – athletics, are
very dangerous for your muscles – you can stretch your muscles, and your joins
very suffer
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there
is a big danger of anabolic steroids (synthetic hormone) – if you take it, it
destroys your body very much
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you
have to be very careful of every kinds of injuries, because it could be the end
of you carrier
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if you
are top sportsman, you have to keep very strictly rules and your private life
is under the control, too
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you
must know the rules and respect them
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must
have a good equipment and trainer
I like doing sport. I used to play tennis for
ten years but I stopped doing this, because it was more and more expensive. Now
I play table tennis, volleyball, and basketball. I like florball very much but I
have nowhere to do that. Last year I start doing roller-skating. I’d like to improve in it. There is not enough equipment
in Hlučín. But in
Ostrava there is very good skate park with special equipment like funbox,
radius, U-ramp etc. Someone can found in boring but I like doing and inventing new
figures which are more difficult and sometimes more dangerous. I’d like to try
squash as well. When I have lots of money I will try bungee-jumping. It must be
exciting. Or I’ll try paraschoting, it must be greatfull to fall down through
air. I also like swimming. I can swim for a long time but I am not very fast. I
do cycling very often. I like cycling to far distances. In winter I play ice
hockey. I don’t know why but I hate football. It’s an only one sport I really
don’t like. It’s maybe because when I was smaller everybody used to play
football but I used to play tennis.
In generally it isn’t important to win. It’s
important to take part in. I don’t do sport to beat someone I do it because it’s
fun, because I like it, to relax, forgot about everything. But it’s great to
win. You know that you are good at it and that you are better than someone else
ant it gives you self-confidence. I often lose but I don’t mind it because I
know that someone is better than me and I can learn from him. For someone is
very important to win so he use steroids to insure himself. There was for
example big affair with Petr Korda last year.
strength síla
stamina vytrvalost
vitality vitalita,
životní síla
health zdraví
referee rozhodčí
runner, sprinter běžec
athlete atlet
lifeguard plavčík
track dráha
start line startovní
čára
medal medajle
ski slope lyžařský
svah
swimming pool bazén
athletics track ateltická
dráha
boxing ring boxerský
ring
skating rink kluziště
tennis court tenisový
kurt
golf course golfová
dráha
football pitch fotbalové
hřiště
stadium stadión
Equipment:
bat pálka
beam kladina
box švédská
bedna
climbing ropes lana
na šplhání
club pálka
cricket/baseball bat pálka na criket/baseball
croquet/polo mallet palice na kriket/pólo
dumb-bells činky
goal branka,
brána; gól
golf club golfová
hůl
hockey stick hokejka
hoop obruč
hurdles překá_ky
landing mat žíněnka
net síť
parallel bars bradla
racket raketa
relay štafetový
kolík
rings kruhy
seats lavičky
skipping-rope švihadlo
spikes tertry
starting block startovní
blok
stopwatch stopky
vaulting horse kůň
(nářadí)
wall bars žebřiny
Sports:
aviation, flying létání
archery lukostřelba
athletics atletika
badminton badminton
ball throwing vrh
koulí
baseball baseball
basketball košíková
billiards, snooker kulečník
bowling kuželky
boxing box
canoeing kanoistika
car racing formule
climbing horolezectví
competitive walking závodní chůze
croquet kroket
cross-country skiing přespolní lyžování
cycling cyklistika
darts šipky
diving potápění
down-hill skiing sjezd
fancy diving skoky
do vody
fencing šerm
fishing, angling rybolov
floorball, florbal
football fotbal
gliding bezmotorové
létání
golf golf
gymnastics gymnastika
handball házená
hand gliding létání
na kluzáku
high jump skok
vysoký
hiking pěší
turistika
hockey hokej
horse riding jezdectví
chess šachy
javelin throw vrh
oštěpem
judo judo
karate karate
long jump skok
daleký
marathon maratón
motorcycling motocyklistika
mountaineering horolezectví
pole vault skok
o tyči
powertraining posilování
relay race štafetový
běh
roller-skating jízda
na koleč. bruslích
rowing veslování
rugby ragby
scrambling motokros
shooting střelba
skating bruslení
skiing lyžování
ski-jump skoky
na lyžích
slalom slalom
sledding sáňkování
soccer fotbal
(v USA)
sprint sprint
squash squash
steeplechase překážkový
běh
swimming plavání
table–tennis stolní
tenis
tennis tenis
throwing the discus hod diskem
triple jump trojskok
volleyball voleybal
water polo vodní
pólo
water skiing vodní
lyžování
weight lifting vzpírání
windsurfing windsurfing
wrestling zápas
yachting jachtink